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= An introduction to the IndieWeb =

Why Indieweb?
Whether you're starting a blog, building your personal brand, posting a resume, promoting a hobby, writing a personal journal, creating an online commonplace book, sharing photos or content with friends, family, or colleagues, writing reviews, sharing recipes, podcasting, or any one of the thousand other things people do online it all starts with having a presence and an identity online.

The seemingly difficult task these days is deciding where that should be. There's Twitter for sharing short updates and bookmarks to articles; Instagram, Snapchat and Flickr for photos and videos; Facebook for communicating with family and friends; LinkedIn for work related posts; Swarm for sharing your location; and literally thousands of others for nearly every micro-slice of content one could think of.

Can you possibly be on them all? Should you? Would you want to be? Could you keep up with it? Which one really and truly represents the real you? Could any of them?

And what about your friends, family, and potential audience for all of these things? Some will be on Twitter while others only use Facebook. Grandma is worried about privacy and is only on Instagram to see photos of the grandchildren. Mom is on Facebook because she thinks that's what the internet is. Teenagers don't want to be on any platforms their parents have heard of. It's obvious that everyone has their own preferences and favorites.

In short, the web and using it for easy communication has become fraught with fragmentation and walls that often make communicating online far more difficult than it should be. Wouldn't it be better if you had a single website that represented you online and through which you could easily communicate with everyone?

By analogy consider the telephone system which, just like the internet, consists of wires and hardware to access the system. Every user on the network has their own phone and phone number. What would it be like if AT&T users could only speak to other AT&T users and needed another separate phone, account, and phone number to speak to friends and family on Verizon and yet another to talk to friends on Sprint? To a great extent, this is what the internet has evolved to become with monopolistic services like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and all the rest.

Is there a better and more robust solution than these multitudes of social media sites which all come with their own onerous terms of service, limitations on your creativity, reach, ownership, and control of your online identity?

A growing number of people on the web think there is better solution and they're working together in an open yet coordinated way to improve the democratized nature of the decentralized internet. This movement is known as the Indieweb.

Purpose of Indieweb
The purpose of the Indieweb movement is to help put you in control of your web presence, allow you a more true sense of ownership of your content, and to allow you to be better connected to your friends, family, and communities.

You are in Control
You can post anything you want, in any format you want, with no one monitoring you. In addition, you share simple readable links such as http://www.example.com/ideas. These links are permanent and will always work.

CONTROL AND FREEDOM
You should be able to exercise your freedom of speech and publish anything you want whenever you want. You should be able to set your own rules and own limits. You should be able to post content as long or short as you like with no pre-imposed limits or types whether it be text, photos, audio, or video. You should be able to have control over comments and protection against potential harassment, bullying, and online trolls.

IDENTITY & IDENTITY LOSS
Almost every social media site has a multi-page statement of their terms of service written in complicated legalese. More often that not, these terms are to protect them and not you. As a result people have found their accounts frozen, they've been shut out with no notice or warning, their identities have been reassigned, or their content simply disappears without notice. Often there is either no method of recourse, or it is difficult to communicate with these corporations and may take weeks or worse to recover one's account and possibly data, if at all.

Without care, one can become branded with the identity of the social media network of which they're a part. If trolls overrun your social service then suddenly by association, you've become one too.

USER INTERFACE/USER EXPERIENCE
You should have the ability to control how your site looks and works. Do you want a piece of functionality that one of your social network sites doesn't have? Add it the way you want it. Create better navigation, better interactivity, better design to reflect your own identity instead of a corporation's cookie-cutter idea of your identity. Since your data is yours you can add new and interesting pieces of functionality using that data instead of waiting on a social site to think about it and implement it for you. Chances are that unless millions will find it useful or a company doesn't think it will scale, most won't build it, so don't hold your breath.

Your content is yours
When you post something on the web, it should belong to you, not a corporation. Too many companies have gone out of business and lost all of their users’ data. By joining the Indieweb, your content stays yours and in your control.

Greater reliability and protection against content loss
Social media is only about 11 years old, and one thing is certainly true: sites will go out of business, they'll get acquired, they can and will disappear. When this happens, your data can disappear overnight without the ability to back it up or export it. A new corporation can take over and change the terms of service and do things with your data that you never intended. Content can accidentally or even willfully disappear without notice to you. In addition to the data, you can also lose contact with family, friends, and community members that also disappear without the service that connected you to them.

You can have greater control of site downtimes, server outages, maintenance, unscalability issues, and database failures of silos attempting to solve massive scaling/engineering problems.

A better sense of ownership
Many in the Indieweb community have found that they post more interesting and thoughtful pieces of content when they're doing it on their own site rather than the "throw away" content they used to post to sites like Twitter. They feel a greater sense of responsibility and ownership in what they're posting about and this can have a profound effect on the future of the internet and its level of civility.

Author centric
When you own your own website, other web sites see that it's you personally sending traffic to their sites instead of a generic social site. You have the ability to edit content at any time or delete it if you like.

You also have:
 * greater choice of public vs. private posts and control of who your audience is;
 * the ability to fix URL links when they break or disappear;
 * no outside advertising on your site without your explicit permission;
 * no one monetizing you;
 * no censorship of your content;
 * no terms of service which can often co-op your work without notice for advertising or other use;
 * ownership and control of affiliate links to monetize your work if you choose.

You are better connected
Your articles and status messages can go to all services, not just one, allowing you to engage with everyone regardless of their choice of platform. Even replies and likes on other services can come back to your site so they’re all in one place. Since your content isn't hidden behind the robots.txt of a silo service, you have much better search engine rankings and are more likely to be found, read, or have people interact with your content. If you choose, you can still syndicate to one or more social silos while still owning your content in the case that something happens to those silos. This allows you to still reach your friends, family, colleagues, and community who may have different ideas about where they prefer to interact online. Comments and interactions to your content can come back to your original post to create a comprehensive conversation rather than have your conversation disjointed and spread over dozens of sites throughout the web.

How to be a part of the Indieweb
Now that you've got a bit of an idea about what the Indieweb is attempting to help people accomplish, how can you become a part of it and enjoy the benefits for yourself?

Own and use your own domain name
Fifteen or more years ago having your own domain wasn't as easy or as inexpensive as it is now. There are hundreds and hundreds of domain registrars around the world that can register almost any domain name you can come up with for as little as 99 cents a year with the average closer to the $10-20 range depending on the name and the top level domain (.com, .org, .net are examples of top level domains.)

For an extra $0-10 a month you can quickly purchase domain hosting so that when someone visits your fancy URL, it actually connects to a page on the internet. Whether that page is a single page of simple HTML with a line of text and a photo; a plug and play site like Wix or SquareSpace; a full blown professional open source content management system like WordPress or Drupal; a web site you build by hand using your own code; or it points to your Facebook or Twitter account page, you've just made a huge step toward better cementing your identity on the internet.

Once you own your own domain name, everything you post to the web will have a permalink URL which you can control. If you wish to change platforms or service providers you can relatively easily move all of your content and the permalinks along with it. People who visit your URLs will always be able to find you and your content.

If nothing else, owning your own domain name will give you something useful to put into the ubiquitous field labeled "your site" that exists on literally every social media website out there.

Added bonus: even most inexpensive domain registrars and hosting services will give you free email for your domain so you can create a custom branded personal email address like susan@yourname.com. Even if you rely on gmail or some other third party service for your email, it's pretty easy to connect your own personal email address to your pre-existing account. It'll make you look a lot more professional and will be far easier for your friends, family, and business colleagues to remember.

So you own your domain now?! Congratulations, you are officially a full-fledged member of the Indieweb!

Own your data
Wait, it can't be that simple can it? It is, but now that you've got a site, it's time to start using it to own your online identity and own your own content.

Next you may want to choose a content management system in which to store and present your data. The Indieweb has lists of projects which range from services as simple as Tumblr and WordPress to help on building your own from the ground up in your programming language of choice. Which one you choose depends on your needs, desires for the future, and your abilities. There is something available for people of nearly every level. Most domain registrars and internet host providers provide one or more means to quickly get up and running--just ask their customer service departments or see what they've got available online.

Most of these CMS solutions will give people a far bigger field of flexibility in terms of what they can write, record, and broadcast online. You don't need to be limited to 140 characters if you choose not to be. Want to post more multi-media-based content with text, video, audio, and photos all at once? The world can be your oyster and your social media platform no longer limits what is possible.

Further Steps
Ideally, what a lot of the Indieweb developer community is rapidly building is an open and broadly distribute-able way to make it easier for the everyday person to more easily own and operate all the functionality offered by the hundreds of social media websites without a lot of heavy and difficult to maintain overhead. A decade ago allowing Facebook to do everything for you may have been a simple "way out", but now there are more robust and diverse solutions that aren't as onerous.

The first big piece most people enjoy implementing is writing their own content on their own site and syndicating it out to other services on the internet if they choose. This can help you stay connected to your pre-existing social networks. Next, having all your replies, comments, likes, and other interactions come back from social silos to your own site as comments along with notifications is incredibly valuable. (These two processes are known as POSSE and backfeed, and it can typically be done more easily with a service like Brid.gy.)

Being able to write replies to articles or status updates on your own website and either @mentioning others as a means of notifying them is also very useful. The Indieweb calls this Webmention and it's built on an open and straightforward standard.

With some of the basic building blocks out of the way, people tend to spread out a bit in functionality they're looking for. It may range from posting pictures or video to hosting your own podcast or having different user interfaces to post to your own site (Micropub is great for this) to being able to put events on your site and allowing people to RSVP to them easily.

Everyone's desires and needs will be different. Work on what you find most interesting and useful first (the Indieweb calls these itches). Make a list of what you use most often on your old social media silos and work on that first. Check out the Indieweb wiki to see how others have implemented it--there's no need to reinvent the wheel in darkness. Hop into the Indieweb chat (there are multiple ways of doing this and interacting) and ask questions. Document what you've done to make it easier for those who come after you.

Personally, I've always just thought about what functions do I use most on social sites and then ask myself how I might be able to do that on my own site. There's little out there that hasn't been explored by the bigger community, so searching the wiki for those types of functionality and seeing how others managed it usually makes it far easier. Chatting with folks in the community while I'm working always helps to sharpen my thinking and make me aware of ideas and methods I may have never considered much less come up with.

If you never RSVP for things online or host events, then obviously don't start there. Do you post photos regularly? Maybe you "like" everything you see online. In my case, I was a heavy user of Goodreads.com, so I spent parts of the last year working on more easily bookmarking things I'd like to read, posting reading status updates, and keeping notes on what I read, as well as highlights, marginalia, and book reviews after I'd finished reading.

Join the Indieweb Community
Where do I go from here? You said community in there. Where can I find it? How can I interact, get help, or even contribute back?

Regardless of your level of expertise, there are a huge number of resources, events, and even people available to you in a variety of formats. Whether you choose to meet with friends in person at a regional IndieWebCamp or at regularly scheduled HomebrewWebsite Club meetups or interact online at a nearly continuous worldwide chat (using either web chat, Slack, Matrix, or IRC) there are many means of getting help and interacting to suit your schedule and needs to help build the personal website you've always wanted.

Building the Indieweb is a continuous process. While attending an IndieWebCamp can be an incredibly inspiring and encouraging event, we need to carry on doing so for more than just a few days a year when we can meet up in real life. We can not only support one another; we can share the best way to do things online. As we discover new ways of doing things, we can document them and share them easily with each other and the growing community. Even if you live in the middle of nowhere, you're welcome to join in.

About the Author
Chris Aldrich is an Indieweb advocate, talent manager, and publisher who lives in Los Angeles.